Descriptive Data Research Articles

Implementation of Personal Selling and Direct Marketing in Increasing Sales Turnover at Agency Centre HNI Cianjur

Marketing strategy is one of the company's tools for achieving marketing goals. Many marketing strategies that can be used, but whether these strategies are appropriate and effective for increasing sales turnover or not. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing personal selling and direct marketing strategies in increasing sales turnover at the AC HNI Cianjur. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, this type of research uses a qualitative approach, with descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this research are that direct marketing strategies are more effective in increasing sales turnover, but it turns out that personal selling also plays an active role in obtaining this turnover. It turns out that in this research there are aspects that show that apart from personal selling and direct marketing, there are many ways and strategies to increase sales turnover, but in this research, the researchers only focused on personal selling and direct marketing strategies.

Family Involvement in the Care of Hospitalized Older Adults: Protocol for a Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

Older adults are frequently hospitalized. Family involvement during these hospitalizations is incompletely characterized in the literature. This study aimed to better understand how families are involved in the care of hospitalized older adults and develop a conceptual model describing the phenomenon of family involvement in the care of hospitalized older adults. We describe the protocol of a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES), a systematic review of qualitative studies. We chose to focus on qualitative studies given the complexity and multifaceted nature of family involvement in care, a type of topic best understood through qualitative inquiry. The protocol describes our process of developing a research question and eligibility criteria for inclusion in our QES based on the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research type) tool. It describes the development of our search strategy, which was used to search MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase (via Elsevier), PsycINFO (via Ovid), and CINAHL Complete (via EBSCO). Title and abstract screening and full-text screening will occur sequentially. Purposive sampling may be used depending on the volume of studies identified as eligible for inclusion during our screening process. Descriptive data regarding included individual studies will be extracted and summarized in tables. The results from included studies will be synthesized using qualitative methods and used to develop a conceptual model. The conceptual model will be presented to community members via engagement panels for further refinement. As of September 2023, we have assembled a multidisciplinary team including physicians, nurses, health services researchers, a librarian, a social worker, and a health economist. We have finalized our search strategy and executed the search, yielding 8862 total citations. We are currently screening titles and abstracts and anticipate that full-text screening, data extraction, quality appraisal, and synthesis will be completed by summer of 2024. Conceptual model development will then take place with community engagement panels. We anticipate submitting our manuscript for publication in the fall of 2024. This paper describes the protocol for a QES of family involvement in the care of hospitalized older adults. We will use identified themes to create a conceptual model to inform further intervention development and policy change. PROSPERO 465617; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023465617. PRR1-10.2196/53255.

Adherence to sleep recommendations is associated with higher satisfaction with life among Norwegian adolescents

BackgroundSleep plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of adolescents; however, inadequate sleep is frequently reported in numerous countries. This current paper aimed to describe sleep duration, factors impacting sleep, consequences of insufficient sleep and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents, stratified by sex and by adherence to the 8-hour sleep recommendation, and to examine potential associations between adherence to the 8-hours sleep recommendation and satisfaction with life.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey, collected in 2021. Adolescents from five Norwegian counties were included, comprising a total of 32,161 upper secondary school students. Study variables were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered during school hours and all data are anonymous. Descriptive data of sleep patterns are presented, and linear regressions were conducted adjusting for SES, perceived stress, physical activity level, over-the-counter analgesics use, grade level and screen time.Results73% of adolescents did not adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation per night, with similar results for girls and boys. 64% reported tiredness at school (minimum 1–2 days weekly) and 62% reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. 23% reported that gaming affected their sleep, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. Satisfaction with life score was 7.0 ± 1.9 points (out of 10) for the total sample, with higher scores for boys (7.3 ± 1.8 points) than girls (6.9 ± 1.9 points). Regressions revealed a positive association with satisfaction with life (B = 0.31, 95% [0.15 to 0.48]) in adolescents adhering to sleep recommendation of 8h compared to the ones not adhering to the sleep recommendation.ConclusionsMost Norwegian adolescents fail to adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation and the majority feel tired at school or during activities. More than half of adolescents reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. Adhering to the sleep recommendation was associated with higher life satisfaction. Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient sleep in adolescents, while future research is needed to examine other sleep related measures on adolescents´ satisfaction with life.

Dog ecology and rabies control including canine vaccination coverage: Impacts from a survey in Madagascar.

Rabies virus (RABV; species Lyssavirus rabies) is causing one of the oldest zoonotic diseases known to mankind, leading to fatal encephalomyelitis in animals and humans. Despite the existence of safe and effective vaccines to prevent the disease, an estimated 99% of human rabies deaths worldwide are caused by dog-mediated rabies with children at the highest risk of infection. Rabies has been endemic in Madagascar for over a century, yet there has been little research evaluating local knowledge and practices impacting on the rabies control and prevention. Thus, this study was undertaken to better understand the dog ecology including canine vaccine coverage and to assess knowledge and practices of dog owners and veterinarians. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 123 dog-owning households in thirteen fokontanys in Mahajanga from July 4 to September 13, 2016. Single and multi-member dog-owning households in the study area on the day of the interview were eligible for inclusion and purposively selected with the support of a local guide. The survey included a household questionnaire capturing information on the dog's demographics, husbandry practices, knowledge and practices towards rabies and its control measures; the dog ecology questionnaire collected dog characteristics, vaccination status and husbandry practices. All households that reported a dog bite incident, were invited to participate in a dog bite questionnaire. In addition, direct observations of roaming dogs were conducted to assess dog population demographics and to document behavioural characteristics. Two veterinarians were purposively selected and took part in an interview during the survey period, providing information on rabies control activities, including dog-care practices in the area. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were performed using Epi Info version 7.1.5.0 (CDC Atlanta, USA). We recorded a total of 400 dogs, of which 338 (84.5%) were owned amongst 123 households. More than half (67.8%) of owned dogs were between 1 to 5 years old and 95.6% were kept for guarding purposes. 45% of the surveyed dogs had free access to roam outside the premises. The majority (85.4%) of dog owners were knowledgeable that a dog bite could potentially transmit RABV to humans. 19 dog bites were reported and of these 73.6% were caused by the owner's or a neighbour's dog. In 6 of the 19 cases, children between 7 and 15 years of age were the victims. Dog vaccination coverage against rabies was 34% among owned dogs. Of the participants aware of a veterinarian, the majority (55/82) indicated that they accessed veterinarian services at irregular intervals. The main obstacles to vaccinations cited by dog owners were limited financial resources and difficulty accessing veterinary care. This study contributes to enhanced understanding of the dog ecology including canine vaccine coverage as well as knowledge and practices of dog owners in Madagascar. Most dogs in the study area were accessible for preventive vaccination through their owners, however only one third of the investigated canine population was vaccinated against rabies. Concerted national efforts towards rabies prevention and control should aim to address financial challenges and access to veterinary services.

Mid-level healthcare workers knowledge on non-communicable diseases in Tanzania: a district-level pre-and post-training assessment

IntroductionOver the past two decades, Tanzania’s burden of non-communicable diseases has grown disproportionately, but limited resources are still prioritized. A trained human resource for health is urgently needed to combat these diseases. However, continuous medical education for NCDs is scarce. This paper reports on the mid-level healthcare workers knowledge on NCDs. We assessed the knowledge to measure the effectiveness of the training conducted during the initiation of a Package for Essential Management of Severe NCDs (PEN Plus) in rural district hospitals in Tanzania.MethodsThe training was given to 48 healthcare employees from Dodoma Region’s Kondoa Town Council District Hospital. For a total of five (5) days, a fundamental course on NCDs featured in-depth interactive lectures and practical workshops. Physicians from Tanzania’s higher education institutions, tertiary university hospitals, research institutes, and medical organizations served as trainers. Before and after the training, a knowledge assessment comprising 28 questions was administered. Descriptive data analysis to describe the characteristics of the specific knowledge on physiology, diagnosis and therapy of diabetes mellitus, rheumatic fever, heart disease, and sickle cell disease was done using Stata version 17 (STATA Corp Inc., TX, USA).ResultsComplete assessment data for 42 out of the 48 participants was available. Six participants did not complete the training and the assessment. The mean age of participants was 36.9 years, and slightly above half (52%) were above 35 years. Two-thirds (61.9%) were female, and about half (45%) were nurses. The majority had the experience of working for more than 5 years, and the average was 9.4 years (+/- 8.4 years). Overall, the trainees’ average scores improved after the training (12.79 vs. 16.05, p < 0.0001) out of 28 possible scores. Specifically, trainees’ average scores were better in treatment than in diagnosis, except for sickle cell disease (1.26 vs. 1.83). Most were not able to diagnose rheumatic heart disease (47.6% able) compared to diabetes mellitus (54.8% able) or sickle cell disease (64.3% able) at baseline. The proportion of trainees with adequate knowledge of the treatment of sickle cell disease and diabetes mellitus was 35% and 38.1%, respectively, and there was a non-statistical difference after training. Those working for less than 5 years had a higher proportion of adequate knowledge (30.8%) compared to their more experienced colleagues (6.9%). After the training, participants’ knowledge of NCDs increased by three times (i.e., aPR 3, 95% CI = 1.1, 1.5, and 6.0).Conclusion and recommendationsPEN Plus training improved the knowledge of healthcare workers at Kondoa Town Council District Hospital. Training is especially needed among nurses and those with a longer duration of work. Continuing education for human resources for health on the management of NCDs is highly recommended in this setting.

Women's leadership communication patterns in the political areas in Lampung province Indonesia

AbstractPatriarchal culture still dominates among women in Indonesia and several other countries, often resulting in discrimination. Although almost every country has laws regulating women's positions in the public sector, developing women's roles and positions is still slow, especially in government institutions. This research highlights the importance of women's leadership roles as potential resources for nation‐building. This research uses a holistic approach with an orientation toward natural descriptive data and a qualitative approach through a case study method. In Lampung Province, only two districts have female regional heads, namely the mayor of Bandar Lampung and the regent of Tanggamus. The study found that both leaders used communication patterns that were appropriate to local conditions: the mayor of Bandar Lampung adopted persuasive and participatory patterns, while the regent of Tanggamus used democratic and collaborative communication approaches with a focus on MSME actors and the community. These communication patterns are key to building strong relationships with constituents and achieving better development goals for the region.

Research on online anomaly detection methods for bearing degradation

In industrial applications, rolling bearings operate under conditions of high precision and high speed, and their physical and mechanical characteristics change with the increase in operating time. Traditional diagnostic methods struggle to adapt well to the changing characteristics of bearings for online anomaly detection. Therefore, this research proposes an online anomaly detection method for rolling bearings based on time-density-weighted incremental support vector data description (TISVDD). A classification strategy is proposed to prevent samples misclassification in the updating process. The Detection Boundary is established based on SVDD decision boundary to enhance the recognition of abnormal samples in the process of model updating. A dual-screening mechanism update strategy for support vectors is proposed. It involves establishing a preliminary screening mechanism based on the Elimination Boundary. On this basis, an in-depth screening mechanism based on time density weight is introduced by considering spatiotemporal characteristics of samples, enhancing the real-time performance of online anomaly detection for bearings. Building upon the fused dual-boundary SVDD, a TISVDD framework for online anomaly detection is proposed, enabling the detection model to dynamically update in response to data changes over time. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted using the XJTU-SY bearing dataset and real-time datasets collected on an online hardware platform. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method in practical applications.

Delirium management and current practice among Intensive Care Units Doctors, Khartoum

Delirium is a brain dysfunction characterized by attention and cognitive disturbances in a fluctuating manner. The international guidelines recommend daily screening for delirium. The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) and Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) are the most commonly used methods for assessing delirium. This study aimed to identify barriers and gaps in knowledge and practice. This was a hospital-based Cross-Sectional study. Stratified random sampling was used in this study. 72 ICU doctors were randomly selected. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 23. Descriptive data were presented, and the chi-squared test was used to determine the associations among variables. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. More than 70% of the doctors were ≤ 30 years of age and female. A total of 69.4% of the participants had &lt; 1year of experience. In total, 94.4% of the participants worked in medical ICUs. Less than 20% of the doctors used delirium assessment tools, with a statistically significant difference based on experience (p=0.012). Delirium was not regularly assessed in 13.9% of the patients. Non-pharmacological management was applied by 76.4% of doctors, and communication with patients was the most frequent (75%). Haloperidol was the most commonly used drug (83.3%). A total of 40.3% of doctors did not stop delirium medication on ICU discharge. A regular delirium assessment was performed. However, the use of validated assessment tools is uncommon. Nonpharmacological management of delirium is important and is mostly performed. Our doctors prescribed antipsychotics for the treatment of both forms of delirium, and almost half of them did not stop the medications on ICU discharge. Medication reconciliation and contact with the next in-charge of the patients are important.

Superinfections of the Spine: A Single-Institution Experience

Background/Objectives: A superinfection occurs when a new, secondary organism colonizes an existing infection. Spine infections are associated with high patient morbidity and sometimes require multiple irrigations and debridements (I&amp;Ds). When multiple I&amp;Ds are required, the risk of complications increases. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with spine superinfections and determine which patients are typically affected. Methods: A retrospective case series of spine superinfections and a retrospective case–control analysis were conducted. Data were collected manually from electronic medical records. Spine I&amp;Ds were identified. Groups were created for patients who had multiple I&amp;Ds for (1) a recurrence of the same causative organism or (2) a superinfection with a novel organism. Preoperative demographic, clinical, and microbiologic data were compared between these two outcomes. A case series of superinfections with descriptive data was constructed. Lastly, two illustrative cases were provided in a narrative format. Results: A total of 92 patients were included in this analysis. Superinfections occurred after 6 out of the 92 (7%) initial I&amp;Ds and were responsible for 6 out of the 24 (25%) repeat I&amp;Ds. The preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) of the patients with a superinfection were significantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.022 and p = 0.032). Otherwise, the observed differences in the preoperative variables were not statistically different. In the six cases of superinfection, the presence of high-risk comorbidities, a history of substance abuse, or a lack of social support were commonly observed. The superinfecting organisms included Candida, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Staphylococcus species. Conclusions: Superinfections are a devastating complication requiring reoperation after initial spine I&amp;D. Awareness of the possibility of superinfection and common patient archetypes can be helpful for clinicians and care teams. Future work is needed to examine how to identify, help predict, and prevent spine superinfections.

MACHINE LEARNING FOR PREDICTING SPREAD OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIA

In previous research, we carried out an analysis using the FBProphet model to predict the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. The application of the FBProphet model to time series data is considered quite good because it produces a MAPE of 22.60% with a linear distribution. Additionally, based on the pattern in the previous dataset and the total number of active cases currently stands at 2,606, in this research we tried to use the Linear Regression (LR) model as a comparison with the FBProphet model by using additional data from the same data source, KAWALCOVID19 website. Data collection started from March 2, 2020 to December 19, 2021. The aim of this research is the same as previous research, namely predicting the spread of COVID-19. The analysis process is carried out by preprocessing the data by validating missing data and validating the format of the data variables. Then carry out descriptive analysis and data visualization so that it can be seen that in this 657 data there is a fluctuates data that non-periodically from July to August 2021. Next, model analysis is carried out using FBProphet and LR and validating the results of each model. The research results are in the form of evaluation metrics where the LR model gets better RMSE, MAE and MAPE values compared to FBProphet, namely 292.91; 178, 81 and 12.79%.

Problematika Akhlak Peserta Didik dalam Mengikuti Proses Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam

The morals of students can be influenced by the surrounding environment. Local culture can also play an important role in shaping children's behavior and morals. Because a person's morals can be influenced by local cultural, environmental, and educational factors. It is important to understand and appreciate this diversity in an effort to improve character education throughout the region. In some areas such as the Pagar Alam area as we know the people in this area are very known for their friendliness even though the tone of speech in the Sumatra area is known for a speech style that sounds harsh if heard by others but in fact it is not. The purpose of this study is to know the moral problems of students when participating in the learning process and to know solutions in overcoming the moral problems of students in following the learning process of Islamic Religious Education. This kind of research. Qualitative research The approach used by researchers is a qualitative descriptive approach Data collection techniques used and to support the author's research data using interview guidelines, observation guidelines and documentation. There are students who do not want to be reprimanded or given directions, so the teacher will not force the child but the teacher there will still do or give punishment if the student violates the rules.

Is the Risk of Intrahepatic Cholestasis Increased with Supplemental Progesterone?

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between supplemental progesterone use during pregnancy and the development of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). A retrospective, matched case-control study was conducted among a population of women who delivered at George Washington University Hospital (GW) between 2012 and 2022. Women diagnosed with ICP (cases) were identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, and data were collected via chart abstraction. Descriptive data included patient demographics, pregnancy characteristics, and medical history. Laboratory values related to ICP were collected. Cases were matched on a 1:3 ratio by maternal age, body mass index, and gravidarum to women who delivered at GW during the same month and did not carry a diagnosis of ICP (controls). A univariate logistic regression model was created to assess the use of supplemental progesterone between groups, adjusting for the use of assisted reproductive technology in the current pregnancy, and a history of liver disease. One hundred and twenty women who delivered during the study period were confirmed to have a diagnosis of ICP. Cases were matched with 360 controls and measures compared between the two groups. Cases were significantly more likely to have a history of liver disease (5.9 vs. 1.7%, p = 0.0021), multiple gestation (10.0 vs. 3.3%, p < 0.0001), a history of ICP in a previous pregnancy (10.0 vs. 0%, p < 0.0001), and to have delivered at an earlier gestational age (mean 37.1 vs. 38.6 weeks, p < 0.0001) as compared with controls. No differences were seen in the odds of supplemental progesterone use in both unadjusted and adjusted models (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.30-4.34; adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 0.98 0.24-3.94). Contrary to recent evidence, no association was seen with the use of supplemental progesterone. It is possible that the associated risk with supplemental progesterone is dependent on medication formulation or route of administration. · Supplemental progesterone use in pregnancy may increase the risk of developing ICP.. · Previous investigations of progesterone and ICP have demonstrated mixed results.. · The association may be dependent on the route of administration and formulation of progesterone..

Worldwide Trends in COVID-19-Related Attacks Against Healthcare: A Review of the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition Database.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, violence targeting healthcare reportedly increased. Attacks against healthcare can severely hamper the public health response during a pandemic. Descriptive data analysis of these attacks may be helpful to develop prevention and mitigation strategies. This study aimed to investigate trends regarding COVID-19-related attacks against healthcare from January 2020 until January 2023. COVID-19-related incidents occurring between January 2020 and January 2023 were extracted from the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition database and screened for eligibility. Included incidents were linked to COVID-19 health measures or were attacks directly interfering with COVID-19 healthcare, including conflict-related attacks. Data collected per incident included temporal factors; country; setting; attack and weapon type; perpetrator; motive; number of healthcare workers (HCWs) killed, injured, or kidnapped; and health facility damage. The study identified 255 COVID-19-related attacks against healthcare, with 18 HCWs killed, 147 HCWs injured, and 86 facilities damaged. The highest attack frequency was reported during the beginning of the pandemic and predominantly concerned stigma-related attacks against healthcare. Reported incidents in 2021 included attacks targeting vaccination campaigns, as well as conflict-related attacks interfering with COVID-19 healthcare. COVID-19-related attacks against healthcare occurred in heterogeneous contexts throughout the pandemic. Due to underreporting, the data presented are a minimum estimate of the actual magnitude of violence. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of public education campaigns, improved coordination between healthcare organizations and law enforcement, and the possible need to bolster the security of medical facilities and health workers.

The Influence of Human Resource Competence, Implementation of Agency Level Financial Application Systems and Organizational Commitment on The Information Value of Central Government Financial Reports (Empirical Study in The Ministry of Industry in Java and Sumatera Regions)

This study aims to determine, test, and analyze the influence of human resource competence, implementation of agency-level financial application systems, and organizational commitment on the information value of central government financial reports in the ministries of industry in the Java and Sumatera regions. This research uses quantitative methods with an associative approach and documentary data collection by collecting, recording, reviewing and analyzing primary data in the form of respondents’ answers to the questionnaires given. This research took 70 samples as respondents from work units. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics which is used to explain the data description of all variables and Partial Least Square (PLS) regression analysis which is a Structural Equation Model (SEM) equation model. The results of this research show that human resource competence, application system implementation agency level finance, and organizational commitment influence the information value of central government financial reports.

Performance degradation assessment of rolling bearings based on the comprehensive characteristic index and improved SVDD

Abstract Rolling bearing is one of the most critical parts of mechanical equipment, so the performance degradation assessment of rolling bearing is vital to ensure the normal operation of the whole mechanical equipment. Aiming at the problems that a single degradation characteristic can only contain limited performance degradation information of rolling bearings, a large number of redundant characteristics exist in the high-dimension characteristic set resulting in the inability to effectively mine the characteristic information of rolling bearings, and that traditional degradation assessment models are not suitable for the shortage of fault data during the actual operation of rolling bearings, a performance degradation assessment method of rolling bearings based on the comprehensive characteristic index and improved support vector data description (SVDD) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to solve the parameter selection problem of variational mode decomposition (VMD), a parameter-adaptive VMD method based on salp swarm algorithm based on mixed strategy (MSSSA) is proposed. Secondly, to extract the performance degradation information of rolling bearings more comprehensively and fully, the comprehensive characteristic index is proposed. Then, a kernel locality preserving projection orthogonal kernel principal component analysis (KLPPOKPCA) method is proposed to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted multi-domain characteristic set of the rolling bearing. Finally, a support vector data description with negative samples (NSSVDD) is proposed and optimized by MSSSA to solve the problem that traditional degradation assessment models are not suitable for the shortage of fault data during the actual operation of rolling bearings and improve the detection performance of abnormal data. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately divide the performance degradation process of the rolling bearing. Moreover, the comparison with other methods further highlights the superiority of the proposed method in determining the point in time of early fault of the rolling bearing. &amp;#xD;

Assessment of the Quality of Sinus Elevation with Lateral Window Approach Procedure Videos on YouTube: A Content-quality Analysis.

Although the lateral window approach allows for greater graft material delivery and bone formation, it is more challenging and invasive, prompting keen interest among dentists to master this method. YouTube is increasingly used for medical training; however, concerns regarding the quality of instructional videos exist. This study proposes new criteria for evaluating YouTube videos on maxillary sinus elevation with the aim of establishing standards for assessing instructional content in the field. We sourced 100 maxillary sinus elevation videos from YouTube and, following exclusion criteria, analyzed 65 remaining videos. The video characteristics, content quality, and newly developed criteria were evaluated. Statistical analyses, employing ordinal logistic regression, identified the factors influencing the quality of instructional videos and evaluated the significance of our new criteria. Although video interaction and view rate exhibited positive relations to content quality, they were not significant (P=0.818 and 0.826, respectively). Notably, videos of fair and poor quality showed a significant negative relation (P<0.001). Audio commentary, written commentary, and descriptions of preoperative data displayed positive but statistically insignificant relationships (P=0.088, 0.228, and 0.612, respectively). The comparison of video evaluation results based on the developed criteria with content quality scores revealed significant negative relationships for good, fair, and poor videos (P<0.001, Exp(B)=-4.306, -7.853, -10.722, respectively). Among the various video characteristics, only image quality showed a significant relationship with content quality. Importantly, our newly developed criteria demonstrated a significant relationship with video content quality, providing valuable insights for assessing instructional videos on maxillary sinus elevation and laying the foundation for robust standards.

Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Perusahaan Sebelum dan Sesudah Employee Stock Option Program (ESOP) (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2020)

Implementation of the Employee Stock Option Program in this study aims to compare the company's performance both before and after the implementation of the Employee Stock Option Program for manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2017-2020. This research is a manufacturing issuer with as many as 193 companies. Purposive Sampling used in the sampling technique, so that a sample of 11 companies. Available analytical methods include descriptive statistical data analysis, normality test which also uses other tests (paired sample t test), and hypothesis testing with the Paired Sample Test and Wilcoxon test. The results of the study concluded that there were no differences in ROA, ROE, NPM, and TATO before and after the implementation of ESOP in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2020 period.

Vitamin K Prescribing Trends Among Critically Ill Children Hospitalized for Sepsis: A Multicenter Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: Vitamin K (VK) is commonly prescribed for pediatric sepsis-induced coagulopathy without trial-derived evidence to support its use for this indication. The purpose of this study was to characterize national prescribing trends for VK in this population. Patients and Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System registry including children 0 to 17 years of age hospitalized for sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit from January 2016 through December 2022. The primary outcome was overall, annual, and center-specific VK prescribing rates. Descriptive data included demographics, length of stay, and rates of VK deficiency, hepatic insufficiency, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and mortality. VK prescribing trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression. Descriptive statistics employed included Wilcoxon rank-sum, student's t, and chi-square tests. Results: Of the 31 221 encounters studied, 4539 (14.6%) were prescribed VK (median center-specific rate: 14.2%; interquartile range [IQR]: 8.8-21%) with a linear annual trend decreasing from 17.3% in 2016 to 13.3% in 2022 (-0.6%/year, r2 = .661). Those prescribed VK had greater rates of hepatic dysfunction (20.5% vs 3.1%), RBC transfusion (26.5% vs 11.2%), VTE (12.5% vs 4.6%), mortality (17.1% vs 4.4%), and median length of stay (16 [IQR: 8-33] vs 8 [4-15] days) (all P < .001). VK deficiency was diagnosed in 0.2% of encounters. Conclusions: In this multicenter retrospective cohort, VK prescribing was common among critically ill children diagnosed with sepsis. Phased trials are needed to demonstrate clinical efficacy and safety for VK in this population.

Impact of Age on the Occurrence of Vascular Complications in Patients Undergoing Anterior Lumbar Approach Surgery.

Retrospective cohort study. To investigate the impact of age on incidence of vascular complications in patients undergoing anterior lumbar approach surgery. Anterior approach lumbar spinal surgery may facilitate use of intervertebral devices with larger endplate coverage and increased lordosis. Despite the advantages of this approach, risks related to vascular injury in older patients have been described in the literature. In total, 751 consecutive patients with degenerative spinal pathology who underwent stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), ALIF combined with posterior fusion and/or instrumentation (360), total disc replacement (TDR), or hybrid procedures (ALIF and TDR) were included. Data collected included general patient descriptive data, surgery details, intraoperative vascular injury, and post-operative vascular complications (deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE)). Rates of vascular complications were compared across age groups. Additionally, the mean age of patients was compared between those with vs. without vascular complications. Overall mean age was 50.4 years (range 20-83 years). Mean estimated blood loss was 91.3ml (range 10 to 2800ml). A total of 15 patients, 2.0%, had vascular complications. There were 10 cases (1.3%) of intraoperative injury to iliac arteries or iliolumbar veins (mean blood loss was 721mL and all were repaired intraoperatively). Postoperatively, 6 patients (0.8%) developed DVT and/or PE (one patient had both). With respect to age, there were no significant differences in rates of intra-operative, post-operative, or combined vascular complication rates across the age group (P>0.38). Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean ages of patients with vs. those without vascular complications (P>0.17). Overall incidence of vascular complications was 2.0%. No relationship between vascular complications and age was demonstrated. These data suggest that increased age may not necessarily be an absolute contraindication for anterior lumbar approach surgery.

The Role of Farming Group in Increasing the Participation of Farming Group Members in Natar District

Farming group are farmer associations with the aim of increasing agricultural yields and improving the lives of farmers and their families. Farmer groups as forum for farmers have a role that must be carried out. A role is a set of behaviors that a person in expected to have in society. The role of farmer groups in this article is as a vehicle for learning, a vehicle for cooperation, a production unit, a place for channeling aspirations, a place for deliberations, and an organizational forum. This article intends to describe the role of farmer groups in increasing the participation of farmer group members in sidosari village, natar district. This study used qualitative research methods. The data used are primary data in the form of interviews with respondents and secondary data in the form of books, journals and interne sources. Data analysis used descriptive data analysis and Rank Spearman. Based on the research, it was found that the role of farmer groups was not related to the level of participation of farmer group members, which was still lacking for several stages, such as the planning and evaluation stages.